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Phenotypic memory in quorum sensing.

Ghazaleh Ostovar1, James Q Boedicker1,2

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.

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|July 8, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacteria use quorum sensing (QS) for group behavior. This study shows QS has a "phenotypic" memory, influencing future responses based on past cell density, not genetics.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Systems Biology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Quorum sensing (QS) regulates bacterial group behaviors via cell-density-dependent signaling.
  • Bacterial cells use autoinducers to monitor population density and coordinate gene expression.
  • Persistence of QS-related biomolecules can lead to a form of cellular memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and characteristics of phenotypic memory in bacterial quorum sensing.
  • To determine the conditions influencing the strength and impact of QS-mediated memory.
  • To understand how past stimuli affect future gene regulatory dynamics in QS systems.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical study employing numerical simulations with ordinary differential equations.
  • Analytical modeling of gene expression in response to dynamic changes in cell density and autoinducer concentrations.
  • Examination of various cellular parameters influencing QS memory strength and regulatory dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Quorum sensing (QS) memory transiently affects the expression of QS-responsive genes.
  • The impact of QS memory is highly dependent on the nature of cell density perturbations.
  • Cellular parameters like gene expression fold change, autoinducer synthesis, activation threshold, and growth rate significantly modulate QS memory effects.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial quorum sensing exhibits phenotypic memory, a non-genetic form of cellular memory.
  • This memory influences gene expression dynamics, with its effects varying based on perturbation type and cellular parameters.
  • Understanding QS memory is crucial for predicting bacterial responses to environmental changes and for developing novel antimicrobial strategies.