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Chromosome abnormalities in malignant hematologic disorders.

G W Dewald, P Noel, R J Dahl

    Mayo Clinic Proceedings
    |October 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study reviews chromosome abnormalities in hematologic disorders, detailing structural and numeric anomalies. Common findings include specific translocations, deletions, isochromosomes, monosomies, and trisomies, often linked to particular neoplasms.

    Area of Science:

    • Cytogenetics
    • Hematology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Chromosome abnormalities are frequently observed in hematologic disorders.
    • Cytogenetic analysis plays a crucial role in diagnosing and classifying these conditions.
    • Understanding the spectrum of chromosomal changes aids in prognosis and treatment strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To conduct a cytogenetic and clinical review of structural and numeric chromosome abnormalities in patients with hematologic disorders.
    • To determine the relative frequency of specific chromosomal anomalies within a clinical practice.
    • To correlate observed chromosome abnormalities with specific hematologic neoplasms.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of cytogenetic and clinical data from 1,228 consecutive specimens with chromosomally abnormal clones.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of 28 structural and 15 numeric chromosome abnormalities.
  • Identification and quantification of specific translocations, deletions, isochromosomes, inversions, duplications, monosomies, and trisomies.

    • Main Results:

    • 61% of specimens exhibited one or more selected chromosomal anomalies.
    • Most frequent structural anomalies: 9;22 translocations (378), deletions of chromosome 5q (101), and i(17q) (33).
    • Most frequent numeric anomalies: trisomy 8 (161), loss of Y chromosome (118), and monosomy 7 (97).

    Conclusions:

    • Specific chromosome abnormalities are prevalent in hematologic disorders.
    • Certain anomalies, such as 9;22 translocations and trisomy 8, are particularly common.
    • Observed chromosomal changes are often associated with predominant types of hematologic neoplasms.