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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancing Human Brain Modulation – Optimized Protocols for Transcranial Ultrasound Stimulation Experiments

Author Spotlight: Advancing Human Brain Modulation – Optimized Protocols for Transcranial Ultrasound Stimulation Experiments

Published on: June 28, 2024

Controlled ultrasonic interventions through the human skull.

Matthew G Wilson¹, Thomas S Riis¹, Jan Kubanek¹

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

|July 9, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel ultrasound method to overcome the human skull barrier for deep brain interventions. The technique accurately measures and corrects for skull-induced ultrasound attenuation, enabling effective neuromodulation and targeted drug delivery.

Keywords:

compensation correction deterministic drug release intensity neuromodulation skull transcranial focused ultrasound

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biomedical Engineering
Acoustics

Background:

Transcranial focused ultrasound offers non-invasive deep brain manipulation for neurological disorders.
The human skull significantly and unpredictably attenuates ultrasound, hindering therapeutic applications.
Current methods lack precise control over ultrasound intensity within the skull.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate an ultrasound-based approach for measuring and compensating skull attenuation.
To demonstrate the efficacy of this correction method for neuromodulation and targeted drug delivery.
To provide a practical solution for overcoming the skull barrier in transcranial ultrasound applications.

Main Methods:

An ultrasound pulse is emitted from one array and measured by an opposing array to directly assess skull attenuation.
No additional skull imaging, simulations, assumptions, or free parameters are required.
The correction method was applied to ex vivo human skull for peripheral nerve stimulation and propofol release.

Main Results:

The developed method effectively measured and compensated for skull-induced ultrasound attenuation.
Neuromodulation and targeted drug release (propofol) were achieved effectively only with the applied correction.
Demonstrated dose-response relationships and targeting specificity for both applications.

Conclusions:

Accurate control of ultrasound intensity within the skull is crucial for therapeutic applications.
This direct measurement and compensation approach provides a practical solution to the persistent skull attenuation barrier.
The validated method paves the way for safer and more effective non-invasive brain interventions.