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Autonomic Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - A Case-Control Study.

Mehedi Hasan1, Sk Mahbub Alam1, Hasan Zahidur Rahman1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Acta Medica Academica
|July 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is linked to abnormal sympathetic skin response (SSR), suggesting autonomic nervous system dysfunction. This autonomic involvement was more pronounced in the lower limbs of ALS patients, especially those with bulbar palsy.

Keywords:
Amyotrophic Lateral SclerosisAutonomic Nervous SystemMotor Neuron DiseaseSympathetic Skin Response

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Autonomic Neuroscience
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease.
  • Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction is increasingly recognized in ALS.
  • Sympathetic skin response (SSR) is a key electrophysiological measure of sympathetic sudomotor function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the involvement of the autonomic nervous system in ALS patients.
  • To evaluate sympathetic skin response (SSR) abnormalities in individuals with ALS.
  • To determine if SSR findings correlate with clinical features of ALS.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 35 sporadic ALS patients and 35 healthy controls (<60 years).
  • SSR was recorded in an electrophysiology lab, excluding participants with other neuropathies.
  • Abnormal SSR was defined as prolonged latency (delayed) or absent response.

Main Results:

  • Abnormal SSR was observed in 48.6% of ALS patients, significantly higher than in controls (P<0.05).
  • Lower limb SSR abnormalities (delayed or absent) were highly prevalent (94.3% and 57.1%, respectively).
  • Abnormal SSR was significantly associated with bulbar palsy in ALS cases (P=0.04).

Conclusions:

  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is significantly associated with abnormal sympathetic skin response, indicating ANS involvement.
  • Bulbar palsy may be associated with abnormal SSR in ALS patients.
  • Further research is needed to explore the relationship between abnormal SSR and ALS disease severity, duration, and subtype.