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Recent Advances in RNA Interference-Based Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Emphasis on siRNA
Mohammad S Alzahrani1, Bandar Almutairy2, Yusuf S Althobaiti3,4
1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif21944, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:
Even though RNA treatments were first proposed as a way to change aberrant signaling in cancer, research in this field is currently ongoing. The term "RNAi" refers to the use of several RNAi technologies, including ribozymes, riboswitches, Aptamers, small interfering RNA (siRNA), antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The siRNA therapy has already achieved a remarkable feat by revolutionizing the treatment arena of cancers. Unlike small molecules and antibodies, which need administration every three months or even every two years, RNAi may be given every quarter to attain therapeutic results. In order to overcome complex challenges, delivering siRNAs to the targeted tissues and cells effectively and safely and improving the effectiveness of siRNAs in terms of their action, stability, specificity, and potential adverse consequences are required. In this context, the three primary techniques of siRNA therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are accomplished for inhibiting angiogenesis, decreasing cell proliferation, and promoting apoptosis, are discussed in this review. We also deliberate targeting issues, immunogenic reactions to siRNA therapy, and the difficulties with their intrinsic chemistry and transportation.
Insights
RNA interference (RNAi) therapies, including small interfering RNA (siRNA), offer promising cancer treatments. Challenges remain in delivery, stability, and specificity for effective hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
Background:
- RNA interference (RNAi) encompasses various technologies like siRNA, ASOs, and CRISPR/Cas9 for modulating aberrant signaling in cancer.
- siRNA therapy has shown significant promise in revolutionizing cancer treatment, offering a more frequent administration schedule compared to traditional therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- This review focuses on siRNA therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
- It discusses key strategies for inhibiting angiogenesis, reducing cell proliferation, and inducing apoptosis in HCC treatment.
Main Methods:
- The review examines the application of RNAi technologies, specifically siRNA, in cancer therapy.
- It analyzes the challenges associated with siRNA delivery, stability, specificity, and potential adverse effects.
Main Results:
- siRNA therapies can be administered quarterly for therapeutic effects, offering an advantage over less frequent treatments.
- Current research highlights three primary siRNA therapeutic approaches for HCC: anti-angiogenesis, anti-proliferation, and pro-apoptosis.
Conclusions:
- Effective and safe delivery of siRNAs to target tissues is crucial for therapeutic success.
- Addressing challenges in targeting, immunogenicity, chemical properties, and transportation is essential for advancing siRNA therapies in HCC.
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