Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Serial Position Effect01:03

Serial Position Effect

169
The serial position effect is a cognitive phenomenon where individuals are more likely to recall the first and last items in a list compared to those in the middle. This effect is divided into the primacy effect and the recency effect. The primacy effect is observed when the initial items in a list are remembered better. This occurs because these items are rehearsed more frequently or receive more elaborative processing, allowing them to be encoded into long-term memory more effectively. For...
169
Retrieval01:12

Retrieval

106
Retrieval is the process of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness. This ability is essential for daily tasks like brushing hair and teeth, driving to work, and performing job duties. Retrieval occurs in three ways: recall, recognition, and relearning.
Recall involves accessing information without cues, such as during an essay test, where individuals must retrieve facts and concepts from memory unaided. Another example is remembering the name of a colleague...
106
Aliasing01:18

Aliasing

128
Accurate signal sampling and reconstruction are crucial in various signal-processing applications. A time-domain signal's spectrum can be revealed using its Fourier transform. When this signal is sampled at a specific frequency, it results in multiple scaled replicas of the original spectrum in the frequency domain. The spacing of these replicas is determined by the sampling frequency.
If the sampling frequency is below the Nyquist rate, these replicas overlap, preventing the original...
128
Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon01:10

Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon

134
The tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) phenomenon is a cognitive experience characterized by a temporary inability to retrieve specific information from memory despite having a strong feeling of knowing the information. Although individuals cannot access the target word or detail, they frequently recall related elements, such as its initial letter, syllable count, or context. This partial retrieval often causes frustration, as one might recognize a familiar face or know that a name starts with a specific...
134
Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

127
Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
127
Elaborative Rehearsals01:07

Elaborative Rehearsals

83
Elaborative rehearsal is a crucial cognitive strategy that strengthens information encoding in long-term memory by making meaningful connections between new data and pre-existing knowledge. This approach contrasts with maintenance rehearsal, which involves simple repetition without delving into the significance of the information. While maintenance rehearsal might temporarily keep information active in short-term memory, it is less effective for long-term retention.
The effectiveness of...
83
  1. Home
  3. Surface Matches Prevail Over Distant Analogs During Retrieval.
  1. Home
  3. Surface Matches Prevail Over Distant Analogs During Retrieval.

Related Experiment Video

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories
08:53

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Published on: November 14, 2018

9.6K

Surface matches prevail over distant analogs during retrieval.

Ricardo A Minervino1,2, Máximo Trench3,4

  • 1Department of Psychology, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Yrigoyen, 2000 (8324), Cipolletti, Rio Negro, Argentina. minervinora@gmail.com.

Memory & Cognition
|July 11, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Superficial similarity aids memory retrieval more than structural similarity. This study confirms that surface-level matches are more easily recalled, even in naturalistic settings.

Keywords:
AnalogyRetrievalStructural similaritySuperficial similarity

More Related Videos

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

Published on: June 14, 2019

7.9K
The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

10.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories
08:53

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Published on: November 14, 2018

9.6K
Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

Published on: June 14, 2019

7.9K
The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

10.8K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Memory Studies
  • Information Retrieval

Background:

  • Laboratory studies suggest superficial similarity (surface matches) enhances memory retrieval compared to abstract similarity (structural matches).
  • The naturalistic approach questions these findings, citing potential shallow processing and confounding structural similarity in surface matches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate which type of similarity, superficial or structural, predominantly influences memory retrieval.
  • To combine the ecological validity of naturalistic paradigms with the experimental control of laboratory settings.

Main Methods:

  • A hybrid paradigm was developed, merging naturalistic production with reception paradigms.
  • Participants were exposed to target stories with either superficial or structural similarities to pre-processed popular movies (Experiment 1) or viral public events (Experiment 2).

Main Results:

  • Surface matches were retrieved significantly better than structural matches.
  • Results align with traditional laboratory findings, confirming the dominance of superficial similarity in retrieval.

Conclusions:

  • Superficial similarity plays a dominant role in memory retrieval, even when considering ecologically valid scenarios.
  • The findings support the robust nature of surface similarity effects in memory recall.