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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

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While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
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Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

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Overview
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Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Adrenergic Antagonists: ɑ and β-Receptor Blockers01:31

Adrenergic Antagonists: ɑ and β-Receptor Blockers

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Third-generation β-blockers, such as labetalol and carvedilol, represent a significant advancement in managing cardiovascular conditions. Unlike conventional β-blockers, which can induce peripheral vasoconstriction, third-generation drugs block α1 adrenoceptors. This promotes vasodilation through several mechanisms, such as increased nitric oxide production, inhibition of calcium ion entry, opening of potassium ion channels, and antioxidant action. Labetalol, for instance, is...
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Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists

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Bronchodilators are critical in managing asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway constriction due to inflammation and hyper-reactivity. Specifically, bronchodilators ease this constriction by relaxing the bronchial muscles, facilitating easier breathing.
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Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype01:26

Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype

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β-adrenoceptors have varied sensitivities towards adrenaline, noradrenaline, and isoprenaline. The order of agonist potency is as follows:
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Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
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Delabelling beta-lactam allergy.

Gustavo-Jorge Molina-Molina1, Diana Rocío Garnica Velandia2,3, Blanca Andrés-López1

  • 1Allergy Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.

Frontiers in Pharmacology
|July 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Many patients labeled with beta-lactam (BL) antibiotic allergies in electronic medical records (EMRs) are misdiagnosed. A study found approximately 75% of these beta-lactam allergy labels were false after diagnostic evaluation.

Keywords:
beta-lactamdelabellingdrug provocation testelectronic medical recordspenicillinskin test

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Immunology
  • Pharmacovigilance
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Hypersensitivity to beta-lactam (BL) antibiotics is a common drug allergy.
  • Electronic medical records (EMRs) frequently contain unverified BL allergy labels.
  • Accurate allergy assessment is crucial for patient safety and appropriate treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify patients with BL allergy labels in EMRs.
  • To determine the proportion of false-positive BL allergy labels.
  • To confirm or exclude BL allergy through diagnostic evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter prospective study involving patients with BL allergy labels in EMRs.
  • Collection of demographical, clinical, and reaction data from EMRs and patient history.
  • Diagnostic assessments including skin tests (STs) and drug provocation tests (DPTs).

Main Results:

  • 249 patients completed the study; 64.3% were women, median age 57.
  • Penicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and amoxicillin were most frequent BL allergy labels.
  • After diagnostic work-up, 74.7% of patients were found to be non-allergic to BL antibiotics.

Conclusions:

  • A significant majority of patients labeled with BL allergy in EMRs are misdiagnosed.
  • The prevalence of false BL allergy labels is high, similar to previous studies (75%-80%).
  • Diagnostic evaluation is essential to correct inaccurate allergy information in EMRs.