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Related Concept Videos

Data Collection by Observations01:08

Data Collection by Observations

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Data collection refers to a systematic way of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. Observational studies are one of the most widely used methods of data collection. It involves collecting data by observing the behavior and physical characteristics of a sample without making any modifications to the sample.
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If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
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Some researchers gain access to large amounts of data without interacting with a single research participant. Instead, they use existing records to answer various research questions. This type of research approach is known as archival research. Archival research relies on looking at past records or data sets to look for interesting patterns or relationships. For example, a researcher might access the academic records of all individuals who enrolled in college within the past ten years and...
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Data collection is a systematic method of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. An experimental study is a standard method of data collection that involves the manipulation of the samples by applying some form of treatment prior to data collection. It refers to manipulating one variable to determine its changes on another variable. The sample subjected to treatment is known as “experimental units.”
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Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Methodology for Establishing a Community-Wide Life Laboratory for Capturing Unobtrusive and Continuous Remote Activity and Health Data
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Does Being In-Person Matter? Demonstrating the Feasibility and Reliability of Fully Remote Observational Data

Sydni A J Basha1, Qiyue Cai1, Susanne Lee1

  • 1The REACH Institute, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, 900 S. McAllister Avenue, Suite 205, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA.

Prevention Science : the Official Journal of the Society for Prevention Research
|July 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Remote observation methods proved feasible and reliable for collecting behavioral data during the COVID-19 pandemic. This transition maintained data quality and coder reliability in parenting research.

Keywords:
COVIDMilitary familiesObservational methodologyObservational researchParenting

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Area of Science:

  • Prevention Science
  • Family Research
  • Behavioral Observation

Background:

  • COVID-19 pandemic restricted in-person data collection for randomized controlled trials.
  • Behavioral observations, crucial for parenting research, are typically conducted in person.
  • The pandemic necessitated a shift to remote data collection methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility and methodological soundness of remote observational data collection.
  • To evaluate the transition from in-person to fully remote observation during a parenting program trial.
  • To examine the impact of remote data collection on data quality and coder reliability.

Main Methods:

  • A Sequential, Multiple Assignment, Randomized Trial (SMART) design was used.
  • Mixed-methods data from coders were collected before and during the pandemic.
  • Coder reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients for in-person and remote data.

Main Results:

  • Transition to remote data collection reduced audio/visual problems and administrative challenges.
  • Coders demonstrated good to excellent reliability with remotely collected data.
  • Reliability improved on certain tasks after the shift to remote observation.

Conclusions:

  • Remote observational data collection is feasible and reliable for parenting and prevention science.
  • Findings support increased researcher confidence in utilizing remote methods.
  • This study addresses a critical gap in understanding the validity of remote behavioral observations.