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Quantum Information Spreading in Generalized Dual-Unitary Circuits.

Alessandro Foligno^1,2, Pavel Kos³, Bruno Bertini^1,2

¹School of Physics and Astronomy, <a href="https://ror.org/01ee9ar58">University of Nottingham</a>, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters

|July 12, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We study quantum information spreading in generalized brickwork quantum circuits. Local operators spread at light speed, but entanglement velocity is generally less than 1, impacting entanglement-membrane line tension.

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Area of Science:

Quantum information theory
Condensed matter physics
Quantum chaos

Background:

Quantum information spreading is crucial for understanding quantum dynamics.
Brickwork quantum circuits offer a framework to study quantum dynamics.
Dual-unitary circuits exhibit maximal quantum information spreading.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate quantum information spreading in a generalized family of brickwork quantum circuits.
To analyze the behavior of local operators and entanglement in these circuits.
To derive a closed-form expression for entanglement-membrane line tension.

Main Methods:

Analysis of quantum circuit dynamics.
Calculation of butterfly velocity.
Characterization of entanglement spreading for compatible initial states.
Derivation of entanglement velocity and line tension.

Main Results:

Local operators spread at the maximal butterfly velocity (speed of light).
Entanglement spreading is exactly characterized for compatible initial states.
Asymptotic entanglement slope is independent of the Rényi index.
Entanglement velocity is generically smaller than 1.
A closed-form expression for entanglement-membrane line tension is obtained.

Conclusions:

Generalized brickwork circuits exhibit distinct quantum information spreading properties compared to dual-unitary circuits.
The reduced entanglement velocity has significant implications for understanding entanglement dynamics and emergent phenomena.
The derived line tension provides a quantitative measure of entanglement spreading in these systems.