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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...

Catalysis

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Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.

Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...

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Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes

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Waste Plastic-Supported Pd Single-Atom Catalyst for Hydrogenation.

Ziyue Wang¹, Ying Zhang¹, Hao Zhang¹

¹Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Fine Chemical Industry Research Institute, School of Chemistry, Institute of Green Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

|July 13, 2024

Summary

Researchers created single-atom catalysts (SACs) using waste plastic. These catalysts efficiently convert plastic waste into valuable materials, offering a novel solution to plastic pollution.

Keywords:

hydrogenation palladium rapid thermal processing reactor single-atom catalyst waste plastics

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Catalysis
Environmental Science

Background:

Global plastic pollution necessitates innovative recycling and reuse strategies.
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) offer high efficiency and selectivity for chemical transformations.
Utilizing waste plastic as a resource for catalyst synthesis is an emerging area.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize single-atom catalysts using waste plastic as a support.
To evaluate the catalytic performance of these novel materials in hydrogenation reactions.
To demonstrate a sustainable approach for plastic waste valorization.

Main Methods:

Waste plastic polyurethane (PU) was used as a support material.
A Rapid Thermal Processing Reactor (RTPR) was employed for catalyst synthesis.
The synthesized Pd1/PU SACs were tested for styrene hydrogenation and other reactions.

Main Results:

Efficient Pd1/PU single-atom catalysts were successfully synthesized from waste PU.
The catalyst exhibited outstanding activity and selectivity in styrene hydrogenation at 25 °C and 0.5 MPa H2.
Remarkable stability and broad substrate scope were observed for the Pd1/PU catalyst.

Conclusions:

Waste plastic can be effectively repurposed as a support for synthesizing high-performance single-atom catalysts.
This approach presents a promising strategy for plastic waste recycling and valorization.
The developed single-atom catalysts offer sustainable solutions to mitigate global plastic pollution.