Vanillic Acid Nanocomposite: Synthesis, Characterization Analysis, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Potentials.

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Drug Delivery

Background:

• Traditional chemotherapy faces limitations like drug resistance and side effects.
• Nanoparticles offer enhanced efficacy and targeted delivery for therapeutic agents.
• Vanillic acid, chitosan, and silver nanoparticles are explored for their biological activities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize and characterize a novel vanillic acid nanocomposite using chitosan and silver nanoparticles.
• To evaluate the anticancer efficacy of the vanillic acid nanocomposite against lung cancer cells.
• To assess the antimicrobial activity of the vanillic acid nanocomposite against bacterial and fungal strains.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of vanillic acid nanocomposite.
• Characterization using UV-Vis, FESEM, EDAX, TGA, and DSC.
• Antimicrobial testing against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans.
• Anticancer evaluation through apoptosis-related protein and gene expression analysis.

Main Results:

• The vanillic acid nanocomposite was successfully synthesized and characterized, showing specific morphological and stability properties.
• The nanocomposite demonstrated antimicrobial activity against tested microbes, though less potent than individual silver and chitosan nanoparticles.
• The vanillic acid nanocomposite exhibited significant anticancer effects by modulating pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic protein and gene expression.

Conclusions:

• Vanillic acid nanocomposites show promise as a therapeutic agent against cancers and infectious diseases.
• The synthesized nanocomposite possesses anticancer properties by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells.
• Further research into optimizing the nanocomposite formulation could enhance its therapeutic potential.