[Semmelweis University Iron Board - Consensus statement of iron treatment]

Iron deficiency is the most common mineral deficiency in the world, causing a major global health problem for both adults and children. Iron deficiency is associated with many co-morbidities and has a significant impact on the quality of life. By detecting it at an early phase, symptoms and the quality of life can be improved. Many medical specialties are involved in its diagnosis and treatment, yet none of them really takes on the responsibility. The aim of this consensus statement is to establish a diagnostic and therapeutic guide in the medical specialties most affected by iron deficiency. The consensus statement was developed by a group of physicians specializing in hematology, gastroenterology, obstetrics-gynecology, cardiology, pediatrics and sports medicine, who are also members of the Semmelweis University Iron Board. The consensus document contains the latest professional recommendations for each specialty. The diagnosis of the different stages of iron deficiency is based on blood count and iron status parameters (serum iron, transferrin, transferrin saturation, ferritin). The hemoglobin level required for the diagnosis of anemia is clearly defined and applies to all adult patient groups: <130 g/l in men, <120 g/l in women, and varies with age in children. The primary aim of iron supplementation is to identify and treat the cause of the disease. Oral iron therapy is the first-line therapy in most cases and is safe and effective in patients at high risk of developing symptoms or anemia. When iron(II) salt is administered, next-day dosing improves compliance, tolerability and absorption. The advantage of iron(III) polymaltose is that it does not need to be taken on an empty stomach and can be used safely in early pregnancy and in children. The use of vitamin C to increase absorption has not been shown to be beneficial in recent clinical studies. Intravenous iron supplementation is preferable in cases of congestive heart failure, pregnancy, inflammatory bowel disease, malabsorption, preoperative status, ineffectiveness or intolerance of oral therapy. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(27): 1027–1038.