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Cognitive Assessment in Grappling Athletes Following Choke versus Nonchoke Submissions
Samuel J Stellpflug1, Kirsten A Dalrymple2, Matthew F Dummer1
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Regions Hospital, Saint Paul, MN.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|July 16, 2024
Summary
Transient choking episodes in Brazilian jiu-jitsu and mixed martial arts do not significantly impact cognitive function, as measured by the King-Devick test (KDT). This study found no measurable cognitive deficits following these submission techniques.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Neuroscience
- Combat Sports Research
Background:
- Brazilian jiu-jitsu and mixed martial arts participation has grown significantly.
- These martial arts involve submission techniques like chokes, which temporarily restrict blood flow to the brain.
- Potential cognitive effects from these transient choking episodes have been debated in scientific literature.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the immediate cognitive effects of transient choking episodes experienced during Brazilian jiu-jitsu and mixed martial arts training.
- To utilize the King-Devick test (KDT) as a measure of cognitive function, reaction time, and accuracy.
Main Methods:
- Sixty-two healthy volunteers (32 choke, 30 non-choke) were recruited and screened for prior brain injury.
- Participants completed the King-Devick test (KDT) before training, immediately after a submission (choke or non-choke), and after a 10-minute rest period.
- Cognitive performance was assessed via test failures, total test times, and individual difference scores.
Main Results:
- No statistically significant differences were observed between the choke and non-choke groups in test failures (P = 0.263).
- Total test times did not differ significantly between groups (P = 0.540).
- Individual difference scores between baseline and post-submission tests also showed no significant variations (P = 0.776).
Conclusions:
- The study concludes that transient choking episodes, as experienced in this context, do not produce measurable short-term cognitive impairments.
- Cognitive functioning, assessed by the King-Devick test, appears unaffected by these specific submission techniques.
- Further research may explore long-term effects or different assessment methodologies.
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