Treatment of Iron-Induced Cutaneous Hyperpigmentation With Energy-Based Devices.

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Medical Technology

Background:

• Iatrogenic cutaneous siderosis is a dermatologic complication following parenteral iron infusion, causing hyperpigmented patches.
• This condition often persists without spontaneous resolution, leading to patient distress.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the efficacy of energy-based devices for treating iatrogenic cutaneous siderosis.
• To evaluate laser treatment outcomes for iron-induced hyperpigmentation.

Main Methods:

• A systematic review of PubMed and Cochrane databases was conducted.
• Searched for articles on iron-induced hyperpigmentation treated with energy-based devices.
• Included seven articles encompassing 54 patients treated with various laser systems.

Main Results:

• The review included 54 female patients (average age 44) with hyperpigmentation primarily from intravenous iron infusion on the arms.
• Six different Q-switched laser systems (532-1064 nm) were used, with outcomes assessed after an average of 5.4 treatments.
• Complete clearance was observed in 54% of patients (27/50), with specific laser parameters showing varied efficacy.

Conclusions:

• Laser surgery presents a safe and reasonable treatment for cosmetic improvement of iatrogenic cutaneous siderosis.
• Dermatologists should recognize this condition and the utility of energy-based devices.
• A combination approach using varied wavelengths and pulse widths may be necessary for optimal iron pigment targeting.