Analytical advances in horseracing medication and doping control from 2018 to 2023

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Forensic Science
• Veterinary Science

Background:

• Horseracing anti-doping and medication control relies on complex, evolving analytical approaches.
• Laboratory strategies are influenced by local regulatory, economic, and scientific factors.
• Continuous improvement in screening is essential to address emerging threats and enhance services.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review published analytical advances in horseracing medication and doping control.
• To cover developments since the 22nd International Conference of Racing Analysts and Veterinarians.
• To summarize major trends and highlight future directions in the field.

Main Methods:

• Review of published analytical advances in horseracing medication and doping control.
• Analysis of trends in detection of small and large molecule drugs, sample preparation, and alternative matrices.
• Evaluation of instrumental advances, drug metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and endogenous compounds.
• Focus on gene doping detection and OMICs approaches.

Main Results:

• The review period was extended to over 5 years due to COVID-19, increasing publication scope from 107 to 307.
• Key developments include advances in detecting various drug types, improved sample preparation, and new instrumental applications.
• Significant attention is given to the growing threat and research surrounding gene doping in equine sports.
• Progress in understanding drug metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and endogenous compounds is highlighted.

Conclusions:

• Analytical laboratories are actively developing new strategies to combat horseracing doping and medication misuse.
• The field is characterized by continuous innovation in detection methods, instrumentation, and the study of emerging threats.
• Future directions include further advancements in detecting novel substances and the application of omics technologies.