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Implications of pregnancy on cardiometabolic disease risk: preeclampsia and gestational diabetes

Mona Elgazzaz1,2, Padmashree C Woodham3, James Maher3

  • 1Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States.

American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology
|July 16, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Cardiometabolic disorders like obesity and hypertension during pregnancy increase risks for mothers and infants. This review explores the evolving understanding of how these conditions lead to preeclampsia and gestational diabetes, and discusses new treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Cardiometabolic disorders (obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension) are rising globally.
  • These conditions significantly risk maternal and offspring health during pregnancy.
  • Hypertensive disorders (preeclampsia) and gestational diabetes are increasing due to cardiometabolic disease prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging pathophysiological mechanisms linking cardiometabolic risk to preeclampsia and gestational diabetes.
  • To discuss recent preclinical and clinical updates on the pathogenesis and treatment of these pregnancy complications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of emerging pathophysiological mechanisms.
  • Synthesis of recent preclinical and clinical research updates.

Main Results:

  • Mechanisms connecting obesity, diabetes, and comorbidities to preeclampsia/gestational diabetes are complex and evolving.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies are being investigated to mitigate adverse outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the interplay between cardiometabolic health and pregnancy complications is crucial.
  • Continued research into pathogenesis and novel therapeutics is essential for improving maternal and infant outcomes.

Keywords:
gestational diabetesmetabolismpreeclampsiapregnancy

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