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Related Concept Videos

Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

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Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
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The Physiology of Taste01:24

The Physiology of Taste

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The perception of a salty flavor is facilitated by sodium ions within the oral salivary fluid. Upon consumption of a salty substance, salt crystals disassemble, leading to the liberation of its constituents—Na+ and Cl- ions. These ions subsequently dissolve into the salivary fluid present in the oral cavity. The external environment of the gustatory cells experiences an elevation in Na+ concentration, thereby establishing a potent concentration gradient. This gradient propels the...
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors01:19

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

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α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...
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Carbohydrates: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:15

Carbohydrates: Dietary Sources and Requirements

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Carbohydrates are predominantly obtained from plant sources. With the exception of lactose found in milk and insignificant glycogen amounts in meat, most consumed carbohydrates have plant origins. Monosaccharides and disaccharides, or sugars, can be sourced from fruits, honey, milk, sugar cane, and sugar beets. Grains and vegetables are rich in the polysaccharide starch. Two types of polysaccharides provide fiber: cellulose, which is abundant in many vegetables, forms undigestible roughage or...
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones01:26

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

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Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
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Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine01:26

Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine

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Complex carbohydrates consumed cannot be absorbed into the small intestine in their original form. First, they must be hydrolyzed to a monosaccharide form such as glucose or galactose. These monosaccharides are then transported across the intestinal membrane and into the blood via transcellular transport. The intestinal epithelial cells allow the movement of these monosaccharides with a defined 'entry' through membrane transporter proteins present on their apical membrane and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Psychophysical Tracking Method to Measure Taste Preferences in Children and Adults
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Psychophysical Tracking Method to Measure Taste Preferences in Children and Adults

Published on: July 16, 2016

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[Sweeteners: recent recommendations for health].

Mélanie Deschasaux-Tanguy1, Bernard Srour1, Mathilde Touvier1

  • 1Équipe de recherche en épidémiologie nutritionnelle (Eren), Centre de recherche en statistiques et épidémiologie Sorbonne Paris Cité (Cress), U1153 Inserm, U1125 Inrae, Cnam, université Sorbonne Paris Nord et Université Paris Cité, Paris, France. Réseau nutrition activité physique cancer recherche (réseau NACRe), Jouy-en-Josas, France.

La Revue Du Praticien
|July 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Artificial sweeteners offer short-term weight management benefits but pose long-term health risks. The World Health Organization advises against their use for weight control, recommending reduced sugar and improved diet quality instead.

Keywords:
Food IndustrySweetening Agents

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A Method for Manipulating Blood Glucose and Measuring Resulting Changes in Cognitive Accessibility of Target Stimuli
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A Novel Procedure for Evaluating the Reinforcing Properties of Tastants in Laboratory Rats: Operant Intraoral Self-administration
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Psychophysical Tracking Method to Measure Taste Preferences in Children and Adults
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Psychophysical Tracking Method to Measure Taste Preferences in Children and Adults

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A Method for Manipulating Blood Glucose and Measuring Resulting Changes in Cognitive Accessibility of Target Stimuli
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A Novel Procedure for Evaluating the Reinforcing Properties of Tastants in Laboratory Rats: Operant Intraoral Self-administration
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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Public Health

Context:

  • Intense sweeteners are widely used in food products and at home to reduce sugar intake.
  • Common sweeteners include acesulfame K, aspartame, sucralose, and Stevia.
  • Their consumption is prevalent in table-top sweeteners, sweets, chewing gums, diet beverages, and dairy products.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the health impacts of intense sweeteners.
  • To review current recommendations regarding their use for weight management and chronic disease prevention.

Summary:

  • While short-term benefits like weight management have been observed, long-term health effects remain uncertain.
  • Studies suggest potential increased risks for chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes.
  • The World Health Organization recommends against using sweeteners for weight control or reducing chronic disease risk.

Impact:

  • Highlights the need for caution regarding the long-term consumption of intense sweeteners.
  • Emphasizes the WHO's recommendation to reduce intake of both sugary and artificially sweetened products.
  • Promotes a focus on improving overall dietary quality and reducing reliance on sweeteners.