[Post liver transplantation complications in pediatric patients in a third level hospital, Lima-Peru, 2016-2020]

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology
• Transplant Surgery
• Infectious Diseases

Context:

• Liver transplantation is a life-saving procedure for children with end-stage liver disease.
• Post-transplant complications significantly impact patient outcomes and quality of life.
• The first year post-transplantation is critical for monitoring and managing potential adverse events.

Purpose:

• To determine the incidence and types of complications in pediatric liver transplant patients within the first year.
• To analyze pre-transplant factors and their correlation with post-transplant complications.
• To provide data for improving post-transplant care protocols in pediatric liver transplantation.

Summary:

• A descriptive, cross-sectional study reviewed 16 pediatric liver transplant cases (2016-2020) at INSN-SB.
• The primary indication for transplantation was atresia of bile ducts, with portal hypertension and malnutrition as common pre-transplant complications.
• All patients experienced infectious complications (bacterial, CMV, EBV). Vascular complications included portal vein thrombosis (25%) and hepatic artery stenosis (6%). Biliary complications such as fistula, dilation, and bilioma occurred in 12.5% to 6.25% of patients.

Impact:

• This study highlights the high burden of infectious complications following pediatric liver transplantation.
• Findings underscore the need for vigilant monitoring and proactive management of vascular and biliary complications.
• Results can inform clinical practice guidelines to optimize outcomes for pediatric liver transplant recipients.