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Related Concept Videos

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

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Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
668

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Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia
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Heparin-Binding Protein Stratifies Mortality Risk Among Ugandan Children Hospitalized With Respiratory Distress.

Hridesh Mishra1, Núria Balanza2, Caroline Francis1

  • 1Sandra A. Rotman Laboratories, Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Open Forum Infectious Diseases
|July 18, 2024
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Summary

Heparin-binding protein (HBP) can identify children with pneumonia at risk of death. Measuring HBP at hospital admission improves risk assessment and could aid in early recognition of severe pediatric pneumonia.

Keywords:
heparin-binding proteinmortalitypneumoniaprognostic markerrisk stratification

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Biomarker discovery
  • Clinical risk stratification

Background:

  • Current prognostic tools for childhood pneumonia lack reliability and objectivity.
  • Heparin-binding protein (HBP) is an immune protein released during infection.
  • HBP may help identify children with pneumonia at risk of severe outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prognostic accuracy of HBP for in-hospital mortality in children with respiratory distress.
  • To determine if HBP improves existing clinical severity scores for pneumonia risk stratification.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed HBP concentrations in 778 Ugandan children under 5 with pneumonia.
  • Compared HBP levels between children with fatal and non-fatal outcomes.
  • Utilized receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate HBP's predictive accuracy.

Main Results:

  • 60 (7.7%) children died during admission.
  • HBP levels were significantly higher in children with fatal outcomes (median 76 ng/mL vs. 31 ng/mL).
  • HBP >41 ng/mL indicated elevated death risk (HR 5.3); HBP improved the Respiratory Index of Severity in Children score (AUC 0.75).

Conclusions:

  • HBP measurement at presentation aids in identifying children with severe or fatal pneumonia.
  • Integrating HBP into clinical scores can enhance recognition and triage of high-risk pediatric pneumonia cases.