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Time-domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy at large source detector separation for cerebral blood flow recovery.

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Time-domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy (td-DCS) improves depth discrimination for tissue blood flow recovery. Increasing source-detector separation enhances sensitivity for deeper tissue layer measurements.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Physiological Measurement
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Time-domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy (td-DCS) measures blood flow by analyzing photon time-of-flight (TOF) distributions.
  • Accurate blood flow recovery in td-DCS is influenced by instrument response function (IRF), TOF gating, and source-detector separation (SDS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of td-DCS for cerebral blood flow (CBF) recovery at varying SDSs (1.5, 2, and 2.5 cm).
  • To optimize TOF gating parameters and assess SDS sensitivity for superficial and deep tissue layers.

Main Methods:

  • Phantom experiments were conducted to characterize the td-DCS system.
  • Quality metrics (coefficient of variation, contrast-to-noise ratios) identified optimal TOF gates.
  • Sensitivity metrics evaluated SDS performance for different tissue depths.
  • td-DCS was tested on healthy volunteers during physiological challenges (cuff occlusion, breathing tasks).

Main Results:

  • Phantom studies demonstrated that increasing SDS from 1.5 cm to 2.5 cm more than doubles sensitivity for estimating perfusion in a 1.5 cm deep tissue layer.
  • Optimal TOF gates were identified for extracting particle dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • td-DCS performance in blood flow recovery is significantly affected by SDS.
  • Increased SDS enhances the ability of td-DCS to probe deeper tissue layers, improving CBF estimation accuracy.