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Bioreactor Controls-II01:18

Bioreactor Controls-II

In aerobic fermentations, oxygen is vital for microbial growth and metabolite production. Since air comprises only about 20% oxygen and the gas is poorly soluble in water—just 9 ppm at 20°C—supplying sufficient oxygen becomes a critical challenge, especially in high-demand processes like yeast growth or citric acid production. Even a fully saturated broth may offer only a few seconds of oxygen availability.To address this, sterile or scrubbed air is introduced into the fermentor via a sparger...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Anaerobic Protein Purification and Kinetic Analysis via Oxygen Electrode for Studying DesB Dioxygenase Activity and Inhibition
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Experimentally validating sabatier plot by molecular level microenvironment customization for oxygen

Bingyu Huang1,2, Qiao Gu1, Xiannong Tang1

  • 1College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Film Energy Chemistry for Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory (FEC), Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China.

Nature Communications
|July 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a theoretical descriptor to predict oxygen reduction reaction catalyst efficiency. This method guides the design of single-atom catalysts by managing their microenvironment for improved performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Tuning the microenvironment of metal sites is key for optimizing oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysis and understanding reaction mechanisms.
  • Stochastic properties of traditional pyrolyzed single-atom catalysts (SACs) hinder clear structure-reactivity relationship determination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a theoretical descriptor for predicting the catalytic efficiency of cobalt porphyrin-based SACs for ORR.
  • To guide the rational design of SACs with tailored microenvironments for enhanced ORR performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized binding energies of oxygen adsorbates to create a theoretical descriptor and a Sabatier volcano plot.
  • Associated the volcano plot with calculated overpotential to forecast catalytic efficiency.
  • Implemented a secondary sphere microenvironment customization strategy on cobalt porphyrin-based polymer nanocomposites.

Main Results:

  • The theoretical descriptor and Sabatier volcano plot successfully predicted catalyst efficiency.
  • Electron-withdrawing substituents were shown to mitigate over-strong *OH intermediate adsorption.
  • Experimental validation demonstrated enhanced accessible active site density and faster charge migration kinetics in optimal carboxyl group-substituted catalysts.

Conclusions:

  • The developed theoretical descriptor provides a reliable method for forecasting SAC catalytic efficiency.
  • Microenvironment engineering, guided by the Sabatier volcano map, is crucial for designing high-performance SACs.
  • This work offers strategies for creating well-managed microenvironments in SACs for improved ORR catalysis.