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Updated: Jun 20, 2025
Author Spotlight: Enhancing Neurorehabilitation Through EEG, Motor Imagery, and Virtual Reality
Published on: May 10, 2024
Application of hybrid SSVEP + P300 brain computer interface to control avatar movement in mobile virtual reality
1Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat 384315, India; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, TGP College of Engineering and Technology, Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440033, India.
Introduction:
This research evaluated the feasibility of a hybrid SSVEP + P300 brain computer interface (BCI) for controlling the movement of an avatar in a virtual reality (VR) gaming environment (VR + BCI). Existing VR + BCI gaming environments have limitations, such as visual fatigue, a lower communication rate, minimum accuracy, and poor system comfort. Hence, there is a need for an optimized hybrid BCI system that can simultaneously evoke the strongest P300 and SSVEP potentials in the cortex.
Methods:
A BCI headset was coupled with a VR headset to generate a VR + BCI environment. The author developed a VR game in which the avatar's movement is controlled using the user's cortical responses with the help of a BCI headset. Specifically designed visual stimuli were used in the proposed system to elicit the strongest possible responses from the user's brain. The proposed system also includes an auditory feedback mechanism to facilitate precise avatar movement.
Results And Conclusions:
Conventional P300 BCI and SSVEP BCI were also used to control the movements of the avatar, and their performance metrics were compared to those of the proposed system. The results demonstrated that the hybrid SSVEP + P300 BCI system was superior to the other systems for controlling avatar movement.
