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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a novel, antibiotic-free coating for urinary catheters using silver-lignin nanoparticles and zwitterions. The innovative coating effectively prevents bacterial biofilm formation and maintains functionality for over a week.

Keywords:
antifoulingantimicrobialcarboxybetainelaccasesilver-lignin nanoparticlesurinary catheters

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Infectious Disease Research
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are a significant cause of hospital-acquired infections, leading to increased healthcare costs and prolonged hospital stays.
  • Current CAUTI prevention strategies often rely on silver alloy coatings, which have limited efficacy and raise concerns about antimicrobial resistance.
  • There is a critical need for novel, effective, and safe antimicrobial coatings for urinary catheters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a new antibiotic-free composite coating for urinary catheters with bactericidal and antifouling properties.
  • To combine silver-phenolated lignin nanoparticles with poly(carboxybetaine) zwitterions for enhanced catheter performance.
  • To assess the coating's efficacy in preventing biofilm formation, reducing bacterial viability, and ensuring biocompatibility.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a composite coating by in situ grafting of silver-phenolated lignin nanoparticles and radical polymerization of poly(carboxybetaine) zwitterions using laccase.
  • Evaluation of the coating's antifouling properties by measuring nonspecific protein adsorption.
  • Assessment of the coating's bactericidal efficacy against bacteria under hydrodynamic flow conditions.
  • In vitro and in vivo testing of coating functionality and biocompatibility over a one-week period using animal models.

Main Results:

  • The developed composite coating demonstrated efficient prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption.
  • Bacterial viability on the catheter surface was reduced by over 2 logs under hydrodynamic flow.
  • The coating's antimicrobial and antifouling functionalities were sustained for more than a week in both in vitro and in vivo settings.
  • Animal models exhibited excellent biocompatibility with no apparent signs of cytotoxicity.

Conclusions:

  • The novel antibiotic-free composite coating effectively combats catheter-associated urinary tract infections by providing robust bactericidal and antifouling properties.
  • The in situ fabrication method utilizing lignin chemistry and laccase offers a versatile approach for developing advanced medical device coatings.
  • This technology holds significant promise for reducing the incidence of CAUTIs, improving patient outcomes, and lowering healthcare-associated financial burdens.