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High intensity proton source based on a hollow-cathode reflex discharge.

V I Gushenets1, A S Bugaev1, E M Oks1

  • 1Institute of High Current Electronics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk 634055, Russia.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
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Summary

A novel ion source using a Penning-type hollow-cathode reflex discharge was developed for proton beam generation. This system achieves significant proton beam currents, with enhanced proton fractions in pulsed mode.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Ion Beam Technology
  • Particle Accelerators

Background:

  • Penning-type hollow-cathode reflex discharges are effective for plasma generation.
  • Optimized ion source design is crucial for efficient proton beam production.
  • Existing methods for proton beam generation require further improvement in efficiency and beam quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and develop an ion source for generating proton beams.
  • To optimize the electrode geometry for enhanced proton generation.
  • To characterize the performance of the ion source in terms of beam current and composition.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a modified hollow and reflex cathode geometry.
  • Utilization of a three-electrode single-aperture optical system for ion extraction and beam formation.
  • Operation of the ion source in both continuous and pulsed modes with molecular hydrogen.

Main Results:

  • Achieved ion beam currents of 15-17 mA in continuous mode and 55 mA in pulsed mode.
  • Proton (H+) fraction reached up to 27% in continuous mode and 40% in pulsed mode.
  • The ion beam primarily comprised H+, H2+, and H3+ ions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed ion source based on a Penning-type hollow-cathode reflex discharge is effective for proton beam generation.
  • Modified cathode geometry significantly enhances proton beam performance.
  • The system demonstrates potential for applications requiring high-intensity proton beams.