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Serial quantitative maternal nephrosonography in pregnancy.

K A Cietak, J R Newton

    The British Journal of Radiology
    |May 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Real-time ultrasound safely and conveniently assesses pregnant women's kidney dimensions. This study tracked renal changes throughout pregnancy, revealing influences on the upper urinary tract.

    Area of Science:

    • Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Medical Imaging
    • Renal Physiology

    Background:

    • Pregnancy significantly alters maternal physiology, including the renal system.
    • Understanding changes in the upper urinary tract during pregnancy is crucial for maternal health.
    • Real-time ultrasound offers a non-invasive method to evaluate renal structures.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the utility of real-time ultrasound for measuring maternal kidney and upper renal tract dimensions.
    • To track volumetric changes in renal and pelvicalyceal systems throughout pregnancy and the puerperium.
    • To elucidate the independent effects of urinary stasis, increased renal blood flow, and cellular hypertrophy on the pregnant maternal upper renal tract.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized real-time ultrasound with an on-screen measuring system.

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  • Measured renal and pelvicalyceal outlines (length, width, thickness) of both kidneys.
  • Included a non-pregnant control group and healthy primigravid patients studied serially during pregnancy and puerperium.

    • Main Results:

    • Real-time ultrasound provides a quick, safe, and convenient method for dimensional assessment.
    • The study successfully followed the behavior of total renal pelvicalyceal and renal parenchymal volumes.
    • Distinct influences of urinary stasis, increased renal blood flow, and potential cellular hypertrophy on the maternal upper renal tract were illustrated.

    Conclusions:

    • Real-time ultrasound is effective for monitoring renal and upper urinary tract changes in pregnancy.
    • Pregnancy induces significant, measurable volumetric alterations in the maternal renal system.
    • The findings highlight the multifactorial nature of upper renal tract modifications during gestation.