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Visual Outcomes in Malignant Hypertensive Retinopathy Cases: A Clinical and Spectral Domain Optical Coherence
Priyadarshini Mishra1, Vikas Kanaujia2, Divya Kesarwani3
1Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND.
Cureus
|July 25, 2024
Summary
Malignant hypertensive retinopathy's visual outcomes improve with lower blood pressure and reduced macular edema. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) helps track these changes and their correlation with vision.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Cardiology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Malignant hypertension can cause severe retinopathy, impacting vision.
- Understanding the relationship between blood pressure control, retinal changes, and visual acuity is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To correlate visual outcomes in malignant hypertensive retinopathy with systemic factors and SD OCT parameters.
- To assess changes in blood pressure, macular thickness, and choroidal thickness over three months.
Main Methods:
- Prospective observational study of 33 patients with malignant hypertension.
- Collected baseline and monthly data on blood pressure, visual acuity, and SD OCT parameters (CMT, SCT, SRF) for three months.
Main Results:
- Significant decreases in SBP, DBP, MAP, CMT, SRF, and SCT observed after three months (p<0.001).
- Changes in SBP, DBP, MAP, and SCT significantly correlated with improvements in BCVA (p<0.001).
Conclusions:
- Macular edema and subretinal fluid contribute to vision loss in malignant hypertensive retinopathy.
- Reduced blood pressure and choroidal thickness correlate with improved visual outcomes.
