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Bio-based resources: systemic & circular solutions for (agro)environmental services.

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Bio-based resources (BBR), including biosolids, biochars, and bioashes, offer circular solutions for decarbonisation by enhancing soil properties and providing environmental services. Challenges in processing, contamination, and regulation hinder their widespread adoption.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Material Science

Background:

  • Growing global focus on decarbonisation through circular economy principles.
  • Increasing interest in utilizing bio-based resources (BBR) such as waste streams from agricultural, forest, and municipal sectors.
  • Biosolids (BS), biochars (BC), and bioashes (BA) are key BBR with complex matrices for agro-/forest-ecosystem recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of BBR, specifically BS, BC, and BA, in enhancing soil properties and delivering environmental services.
  • To identify the benefits of BBR application in agro-/forest-ecosystems.
  • To highlight challenges impeding the widespread utilization of BBR.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on the properties and applications of BBR.
  • Analysis of the impact of BS, BC, and BA on soil chemical, physical, and microbial characteristics.
  • Evaluation of environmental services provided by transformed BBR, including remediation and wastewater treatment.

Main Results:

  • BBR significantly improve soil chemical properties (nutrients, pH, organic matter), physical properties (porosity, water relations), and microbial activity.
  • Transformed BBR contribute to environmental services like site remediation and wastewater treatment, aligning with circular economy principles.
  • Key challenges include technological limitations, contamination concerns (PAHs, microplastics, heavy metals, nanoparticles), and regulatory hurdles.

Conclusions:

  • BBR hold substantial potential for sustainable decarbonisation and climate change mitigation.
  • Overcoming technological, contamination, and regulatory challenges is crucial for unlocking the full potential of BBR.
  • An interdisciplinary and intersectoral approach is necessary to facilitate the widespread adoption of BBR.