Design and performance of double-layered artificial chordae

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Cardiovascular Surgery
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Mitral regurgitation is commonly treated with artificial chordae replacement.
• Current artificial chordae, often made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), have limitations including rupture risk and adverse tissue responses.
• There is a need for improved biomaterials for prosthetic chordae replacement.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce and evaluate a novel double-layered artificial chordae design, the New Artificial Chordae (NAC).
• To compare the mechanical properties and hemocompatibility of NAC with traditional ePTFE sutures.
• To assess the in vivo biocompatibility and functional efficacy of NAC in animal models.

Main Methods:

• Development of a novel double-layered artificial chordae (NAC) structure.
• NAC features a braided ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) core and a porous ePTFE outer layer.
• Mechanical testing (tensile strength, elongation, fatigue resistance) and in vivo animal studies were performed.

Main Results:

• NAC demonstrated superior flexibility, tensile strength, elongation, and fatigue resistance compared to ePTFE sutures.
• NAC exhibited enhanced hydrophobicity and improved hemocompatibility, with reduced thrombus formation.
• In vivo studies confirmed NAC's enhanced durability, biocompatibility, minimal tissue response, and functional efficacy.

Conclusions:

• The New Artificial Chordae (NAC) design offers significant improvements over existing artificial chordae materials.
• NAC shows promising potential as a durable and biocompatible prosthetic chordae replacement for mitral regurgitation.
• This study provides novel insights for developing advanced regenerative biomaterials for cardiovascular applications.