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Perinatal Famine Exposure and Young-Onset Cancer-Lessons from China Health and Nutrition Survey
Aidi Shuai1, Shahid Ullah1, Yongfu Yu2
1College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.
Cancers
|July 27, 2024
Summary
Perinatal malnutrition during China's Great Famine increased the risk of young-onset cancer, particularly in females. This exposure also elevated the risk of young-onset genitourinary cancers and hypertension.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Perinatal malnutrition is hypothesized to impact young-onset cancer development.
- The Great Famine of China provides a unique setting to study long-term effects of famine exposure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between perinatal malnutrition during the Great Famine of China and the risk of young-onset cancer (≤50 years).
- To examine the specific risk of young-onset genitourinary cancer and hypertension following famine exposure.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 7272 participants from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.
- Participants categorized into pre-famine, famine, early post-famine, and late post-famine exposure groups based on birth year.
- Multivariable adjusted log-binomial regression models used to calculate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Main Results:
- Perinatal exposure to the early post-famine period was associated with a significantly increased risk of young-onset cancer (RR 2.08).
- Female sex was strongly associated with increased young-onset cancer risk (RR 15.6).
- Early and late post-famine exposures significantly increased the risk of young-onset genitourinary cancer (RR 13.8 and 12.3, respectively) and hypertension (RR 3.30).
Conclusions:
- Perinatal famine exposure, particularly in females, is linked to a higher risk of young-onset cancer.
- Young-onset genitourinary cancers show a notable association with perinatal famine exposure.
- Findings underscore the lasting impact of prenatal malnutrition on cancer development.
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