Two Physiotherapy Methods to Improve the Physical Condition of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Area of Science:

• Pediatrics
• Developmental Psychology
• Physical Therapy

Background:

• Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often exhibit challenges in balance, coordination, and motor skills.
• Early intervention physiotherapy programs can significantly impact the physical development of children with ASD.
• Traditional gym-based exercises may present motivational challenges for some children with ASD.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness of two simple physiotherapy programs in improving physical condition in kindergarteners with ASD.
• To compare the impact of smart board games versus traditional gym sessions on motor skills, balance, and coordination.
• To explore the motivational aspects of different physiotherapy approaches for children with ASD.

Main Methods:

• Thirty children (4-6 years old) diagnosed with ASD participated in a five-week study.
• Two groups received distinct physiotherapy interventions: one in a gym setting, the other using smart board games with balance equipment.
• Physical condition was assessed pre- and post-intervention using the modified Berg Balance Scale, Imbalance Coordination Sample, and Bruininks-Oseretsky Motor Proficiency Test (BOTMP).

Main Results:

• Both physiotherapy programs led to positive changes in balance, coordination, and motor skills.
• The smart board game group demonstrated a slightly greater mean improvement (1.58 points) compared to the gym group (1.51 points).
• Smart board games appeared to be more motivating for children with ASD, potentially due to their engaging nature.

Conclusions:

• Simple physiotherapy programs, particularly those incorporating engaging elements like smart board games, can effectively enhance motor skills in children with ASD.
• Smart board interventions offer a motivating and accessible method for improving physical function in young children with ASD.
• These physiotherapy approaches are easily adaptable for home use, empowering parents to support their child's physical development and daily living activities.