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Plastic Behavior01:21

Plastic Behavior

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A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
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Residual Stresses01:26

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Residual stresses reside in a structure even after removing the original stress inducer. This phenomenon often arises from varied plastic deformations across different parts of a structure. Consider a rod stretched beyond its yield point. It will not regain its original length due to permanent deformation. Even after load removal, the rod does not entirely lose stress because of uneven plastic deformations, resulting in residual stresses. The computation of these stresses in structures is...
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Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

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Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
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Residual Stresses in Bending01:18

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In the study of elastoplastic members subjected to bending moments, understanding the loading and unloading phases is crucial for assessing material behavior and structural integrity. During the loading phase, as the bending moment increases, the material initially responds elastically, adhering to Hooke's Law, where stress is directly proportional to strain. When the load exceeds the yield strength, plastic deformation occurs, resulting in permanent strain and deformation that remains even...
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Stress-Strain Diagram - Ductile Materials01:24

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The stress-strain relationship in ductile materials such as structural steel or aluminium is intricate and progresses through several stages. When a specimen is loaded, it initially exhibits a linear length increase, depicted by a steep straight line on the stress-strain diagram. It indicates the material is elastically deforming and will return to its original shape once unloaded. However, when a critical stress value is reached, plastic deformation begins. This stage sees substantial...
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Considering the tensile strength of concrete involves recognizing that the theoretical strength of cement paste can be up to a thousand times higher than what is observed in practical applications. This significant discrepancy is largely attributed to the presence of microscopic cracks within the concrete. These cracks tend to amplify stress at their tips when a load is applied, a phenomenon explained by Griffith's theory of brittle fracture.
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Effect of Post-Cured through Thickness Reinforcement on Disbonding Behavior in Skin-Stringer Configuration.

Jimesh D Bhagatji1, Christopher Morris1, Yogaraja Sridhar1

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Post-cured through-thickness reinforcement (PTTR) significantly enhances interlaminar toughness in skin-stringer structures. This advanced reinforcement improves crack resistance by over 20% in both pristine and disbonded specimens.

Keywords:
cohesive zone modelingcrack resistanceinterlaminate toughingthrough-thickness reinforcement

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Composite Materials
  • Structural Mechanics

Background:

  • Skin-stringer structures are critical components in aerospace and automotive applications.
  • Interlaminar toughness is a key factor in the damage tolerance of composite structures.
  • Existing reinforcement methods may not adequately address crack propagation in disbonded areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the interlaminar toughness of post-cured through-thickness reinforcement (PTTR) in skin-stringer sub-elements.
  • To evaluate the crack resistance improvement offered by PTTR in both pristine and initially disbonded specimens.
  • To develop and validate a finite element analysis (FEA) model for predicting PTTR performance.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental testing of skin-stringer specimens with and without PTTR under various conditions.
  • Finite element analysis (FEA) employing a macro-scale pin-spring modeling approach with non-linear springs.
  • Simulation of mixed-mode loading to capture pin failure and crack propagation.

Main Results:

  • PTTR demonstrated a 15.5% increase in strength for pristine specimens.
  • PTTR showed a 20.9% increase in strength for initial-disbond specimens.
  • The FEA model accurately predicted structural response, including stiffness, adhesive strength, crack extension, and pin failure modes.

Conclusions:

  • PTTR significantly enhances the interlaminar toughness and crack resistance of skin-stringer composite structures.
  • The developed FEA modeling approach is effective for predicting the behavior of PTTR under load.
  • This approach can guide the design of damage-tolerant composite structures with improved PTTR configurations.