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Habitual Iron Supplementation Associated with Elevated Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease in Individuals with

Xiaoyan Ma1,2, Jiali Lv1,2, Shuai Zhang1,2

  • 1Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.

Nutrients
|July 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Habitual iron supplementation increases chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk in hypertensive individuals, especially those on antihypertensive medication. This finding highlights potential risks associated with iron supplements in specific patient groups.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Hypertension is a major risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • Iron supplementation is common, but its impact on CKD risk, particularly in hypertensive individuals, is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between habitual iron supplementation and the risk of developing CKD.
  • To explore how hypertensive status and antihypertensive medication use modify this association.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized UK Biobank data from 427,939 participants without baseline CKD.
  • Employed Cox proportional hazards regression models to assess hazard ratios for CKD risk.
  • Adjusted for multiple variables and examined interactions between iron supplementation and antihypertensive medication.

Main Results:

  • Habitual iron supplementation was linked to a significantly higher risk of incident CKD in hypertensive participants (HR 1.12).
  • This increased risk was more pronounced in hypertensive individuals using antihypertensive medication (HR 1.21).
  • No significant association was found in normotensive individuals or hypertensive individuals not using medication.

Conclusions:

  • Habitual iron supplementation is associated with an elevated risk of incident CKD among hypertensive patients.
  • The use of antihypertensive medication appears to be a key factor driving this association.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this interaction.

Keywords:
antihypertension medicationchronic kidney diseasehypertensioniron supplementation

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