Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 27, 2026
08:56
Clinical Assessment of Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients and Older Adults
Published on: November 7, 2014
13.9K
Experimental Comparison between 4D Stereophotogrammetry and Inertial Measurement Unit Systems for Gait Spatiotemporal
Sara Meletani1, Sofia Scataglini2, Marco Mandolini1
1Department of Industrial Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 27, 2024
Summary
The Move4D 3D temporal scanning system accurately measures gait parameters like stance and swing time, offering a reliable alternative to traditional methods. It shows comparable results to Xsens for most gait assessments.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Gait Analysis
- Motion Capture Technology
Background:
- Traditional gait assessment is limited by time, expertise, artifacts, and cost.
- 3D temporal scanning offers a potential solution to these limitations.
- This study validates a new 3D temporal scanning system, Move4D, against an established inertial system, Xsens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the reliability and accuracy of the Move4D 3D temporal scanning system with the Xsens inertial motion capture system.
- To evaluate the systems' performance in assessing gait spatiotemporal parameters and joint kinematics.
- To determine the suitability of Move4D for quantitative gait assessment in clinical settings.
Main Methods:
- Inclusion of 13 healthy individuals and one hemiplegic patient.
- Measurement of key gait parameters: stance time, swing time, cycle time, and stride length.
- Statistical analysis using paired samples t-test, Bland-Altman plots, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
Main Results:
- Move4D demonstrated high agreement and no significant differences (p > 0.05) for stance time, swing time, and cycle time compared to Xsens.
- A significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in stride length measurements between the two systems.
- The highest root-mean-square error (RMSE) for joint kinematics was 10.99° in hip flexion/extension.
Conclusions:
- The Move4D system provides reliable and accurate estimations of gait spatiotemporal parameters (gait phases duration, cycle time).
- Move4D demonstrates comparable accuracy to Xsens for joint angle assessment.
- This research supports the use of 4D scanning for innovative, quantitative gait analysis in clinical practice.
Related Concept Videos
03:38Measurement: Standard Units
Every measurement provides three kinds of information: the size or magnitude of the measurement (a number), a standard of comparison for the measurement (a unit), and an indication of the uncertainty of the measurement. While the number and unit are explicitly represented when a quantity is written, the uncertainty is an aspect of the errors in the measurement results.
03:40Dimensional Analysis
Dimensional analysis, also known as the factor label method, is a versatile approach for mathematical operations. The main principle behind this approach is: the units of quantities must be subjected to the same mathematical operations as their associated numbers. This method can be applied to computations ranging from simple unit conversions to more complex and multi-step calculations involving several different quantities and their units.
Conversion Factors and Dimensional Analysis
The unit...
Conversion Factors and Dimensional Analysis
The unit...
01:36Conversion of Units
Sometimes, there is a need to convert from one unit to another one. For instance, reading a cookbook in which quantities are expressed in units of liters or ounces may require conversion of quantities to cups. Or, when looking up directions on how to get to a location, we may be interested to know how many miles we are going to walk. In this case, we would have to convert units of feet or meters to miles.
The first step in the unit conversion is to list the given units and the units required...
The first step in the unit conversion is to list the given units and the units required...
01:23Dimensional Analysis
Dimensional analysis is a powerful tool that is used in physics and engineering to understand and predict the behavior of physical systems. The basic idea behind dimensional analysis is to express physical quantities in terms of fundamental dimensions such as the mass, length, and time. Derived dimensions like the velocity, acceleration, and force are derived from the combinations of these fundamental dimensions.
Dimensional analysis allows us to analyze and compare physical quantities on a...
Dimensional analysis allows us to analyze and compare physical quantities on a...
01:30Three-Dimensional Force System
In mechanical engineering, a three-dimensional force system is a system of forces acting in three dimensions, with forces applied along the x, y, and z coordinate axes. The three-dimensional force system is an important concept in mechanical engineering, as it allows engineers to understand and analyze the behavior of objects and structures in three dimensions. By understanding the forces acting on a system, engineers can design more efficient and effective mechanical systems that can withstand...
01:15Distance Corrections
To achieve precise distance measurements, especially in surveying and construction, certain corrections must be applied to account for potential sources of error like the standardization errors, temperature variations, and slope adjustments.Standardization error emerges when measurement equipment undergoes changes, such as wear, repairs, or weather impacts. To address this, surveyors compare the equipment’s readings to a standard. This process identifies any deviation that might lead to...