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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2025

Stable DNA Motifs, 1D and 2D Nanostructures Constructed from Small Circular DNA Molecules
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Progress in application of cyclic single-stranded nucleic acids.

Xin-Yang Liu1, Jian-Fei Tong1, Ming-Yang Li1

  • 1Department of Student team, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, 200433, People's Republic of China.

Journal of Biotechnology
|July 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cyclic nucleic acids, including circular RNA (circRNA) and circular single-stranded DNA (cssDNA), offer enhanced stability. This review explores their diverse synthesis methods and significant applications in gene expression and biotechnology.

Keywords:
ApplicationCircRNACssDNAFunctionSynthesis

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cyclic nucleic acids possess inherent biological stability due to their lack of 5' and 3' termini, making them resistant to exonuclease degradation.
  • Research predominantly centers on cyclic single-stranded nucleic acids, specifically circular RNA (circRNA) and circular single-stranded DNA (cssDNA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the various types of cyclic single-stranded nucleic acids.
  • To detail the diverse synthesis methodologies employed for circRNA and cssDNA.
  • To highlight the current and potential applications of these cyclic nucleic acids.

Main Methods:

  • Circular RNA (circRNA) synthesis involves methods such as lasso-driven cyclization, intron-paired cyclization, and artificial synthesis.
  • Circular single-stranded DNA (cssDNA) preparation utilizes chemical ligation, template-directed enzyme ligation, and CircLigase-based techniques.
  • The review synthesizes information from existing literature on cyclic nucleic acid research.

Main Results:

  • circRNA plays a crucial role in gene expression regulation and therapeutic interventions for various diseases.
  • cssDNA is instrumental in rolling circle amplification (RCA) technology and the bioprotection of aptamers and second messengers.
  • The unique structural features of cyclic nucleic acids contribute to their stability and diverse functionalities.

Conclusions:

  • Cyclic single-stranded nucleic acids represent a stable and versatile class of biomolecules with significant biological roles.
  • Understanding their synthesis and applications provides a foundation for future advancements in molecular biology and medicine.
  • This review serves as a valuable reference for researchers investigating cyclic nucleic acids.