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In biological systems, most metabolic pathways are interconnected. The cellular respiration processes that convert glucose to ATP—such as glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle—tie into those that break down other organic compounds. As a result, various foods—from apples to cheese to guacamole—end up as ATP. In addition to carbohydrates, food also contains proteins and lipids—such as cholesterol and fats. All of these organic compounds are used...
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Lipids also are sources of energy that power cellular processes. Like carbohydrates, lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but these atoms are arranged differently. Most lipids are nonpolar and hydrophobic. Major types include fats and oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids.
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Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
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Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
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Microorganisms play a crucial role in agriculture and the food industry, contributing to soil fertility, crop protection, and food production. Their functions range from nitrogen fixation and biopesticide production to fermentation and food preservation, making them indispensable to sustainable farming and food safety.Role in AgricultureNitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Rhizobium (symbiotic) and Azotobacter (free-living), convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia through biological nitrogen...
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Development of an Indian Food Composition Database.

Aswathy Vijayakumar1, Hima Bindu Dubasi1, Ananya Awasthi1

  • 1Anuvaad Solutions, New Delhi, India.

Current Developments in Nutrition
|July 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

India now has an open-access Indian Nutrient Databank (INDB) for food composition. This resource aids researchers and policymakers in understanding nutrient intake and addressing malnutrition.

Keywords:
Indian Nutrient Databankcomposite dishesfood composition tablesnutrient dataraw food items

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Bioinformatics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • A comprehensive, open-access nutrient database is lacking in India.
  • Accurate food composition data is crucial for nutritional assessment and policy development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and establish an open-access Indian Nutrient Databank (INDB).
  • To create a valuable resource for assessing nutrient intake across the Indian population.

Main Methods:

  • Stage 1: Compiled nutrient data for 1095 individual food items, primarily from ICMR-NIN IFCT (2017), supplemented by earlier versions and international databases.
  • Stage 2: Developed a recipe database (1014 recipes) by linking ingredients to Stage 1 food items.
  • Utilized a combination of existing Indian food composition tables and international nutrient databases.

Main Results:

  • Successfully created a two-stage Indian Nutrient Databank (INDB).
  • Stage 1 includes data for 1095 food items; Stage 2 includes 1014 recipes.
  • The INDB integrates data from multiple sources to provide comprehensive nutrient information.

Conclusions:

  • The INDB is a unique, open-access resource for India.
  • This databank will support researchers, government bodies, and organizations in understanding nutrient intake.
  • It aims to inform interventions and policies to combat malnutrition effectively.