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Load-Velocity Relationship in the Bulgarian Split-Squat Exercise.

Juan Rabal-Pelay1, Héctor Gutiérrez1, Pablo Jesús Bascuas1

  • 1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Zaragoza, Spain.

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
|July 29, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Bulgarian split-squat (BSS) exercise shows a strong load-velocity relationship, allowing training intensity to be set using mean propulsive velocity (MPV). This relationship remains consistent between dominant and non-dominant legs, despite strength differences.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Strength and Conditioning

Background:

  • The Bulgarian split-squat (BSS) is a unilateral exercise commonly used in strength training.
  • Understanding the load-velocity relationship (LVR) is crucial for optimizing training prescription.
  • Previous research has established LVR in bilateral exercises, but less is known for unilateral variations like the BSS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the load-velocity relationship (LVR) in the Bulgarian split-squat (BSS) exercise.
  • To compare the LVR between the dominant and nondominant legs during the BSS.
  • To determine if mean propulsive velocity (MPV) can be used to prescribe training intensity in the BSS.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-one strength-trained men performed progressive loading tests in the BSS using a Smith machine.
  • Loads increased incrementally until mean propulsive velocity (MPV) dropped below 0.4 m·s⁻¹.
  • Polynomial regression analysis was used to model the relationship between relative load (%1RM) and MPV.

Main Results:

  • A robust load-velocity relationship was observed in the BSS, with R² = 0.945.
  • No significant differences in MPV at a given relative load (%1RM) were found between the dominant and nondominant legs.
  • Despite differences in absolute one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength, the LVR was consistent across limbs.

Conclusions:

  • The load-velocity relationship in the BSS is strong and predictable.
  • Mean propulsive velocity (MPV) can be effectively used to prescribe training intensity for the BSS.
  • The load-velocity relationship is stable between limbs, suggesting similar neuromuscular responses relative to maximal strength.