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Formic Acid Photo-Fuel Cells Consisting of TiO₂ Photoanode and Pt Cathode.

Shin-Ichi Naya¹, Miwako Teranishi¹, Musashi Fujishima²

¹Environmental Research Laboratory, Kindai University, 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan.

Chemphyschem : a European Journal of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry

|July 30, 2024

Summary

A novel formic acid (HCOOH) photo-fuel cell (PFC) demonstrates high efficiency for portable electronics. This HCOOH PFC achieves excellent performance, surpassing existing biomass-derived organic fuel cells.

Keywords:

Adsorption Biomass Current doubling Formic acid Photo-fuel cell

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Renewable Energy

Background:

Formic acid (HCOOH) is a promising fuel for portable power due to its stability.
Conventional formic acid fuel cells (FCs) face challenges, limiting their widespread adoption.
Photo-fuel cells (PFCs) offer an alternative energy conversion pathway.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a highly efficient formic acid photo-fuel cell (PFC) for portable electronic devices.
To investigate the current doubling mechanism of HCOOH in PFCs, even with oxygen presence.
To achieve performance exceeding current state-of-the-art biomass-derived organic PFCs.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a simple HCOOH photo-fuel cell (PFC) utilizing a mesoporous anatase TiO2 photoanode and a Pt cathode.
Characterization of the PFC's performance under UV-light irradiation.
Evaluation of short-circuit photocurrent (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE), and Faradaic efficiency.

Main Results:

The HCOOH PFC achieved a stable short-circuit photocurrent (Jsc) of 5.94 mA cm⁻² and an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.94 V under UV light (200 mW cm⁻²).
Incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) and Faradaic efficiency reached approximately 90% and 100%, respectively.
The device demonstrated robust performance, overcoming limitations of conventional HCOOH FCs and outperforming existing biomass-derived organic PFCs.

Conclusions:

The developed HCOOH PFC exhibits excellent and stable performance, making formic acid a viable fuel for portable power generation.
The discovery of current doubling in HCOOH, even with oxygen, is key to the enhanced PFC performance.
This work presents a significant advancement in PFC technology, paving the way for next-generation portable energy solutions.