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Preventive Measures for Safer Orthognathic Surgery: Key Points.

Kemal Devrim Isci1,2, Nuray Bayar Muluk3, Enes Gungor4

  • 1Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Istanbul Galata University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal
|July 31, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This review explores safer orthognathic surgery techniques for correcting dentofacial skeletal defects. Key strategies include maintaining blood flow, protecting vital structures, and optimizing patient diet for improved outcomes.

Keywords:
Le Fort I-type osteotomyLe Fort II-type osteotomyLe Fort III-type osteotomyorthognathic surgerypreventive measures

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Orthodontics
  • Plastic Surgery

Background:

  • Dentofacial skeletal defects necessitate orthognathic surgery for functional and aesthetic restoration.
  • Orthognathic surgery involves precise modification of the maxilla, mandible, or both.
  • Comprehensive pre-operative assessment is crucial for successful maxillofacial abnormality correction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and present strategies for enhancing the safety of orthognathic surgery.
  • To provide an overview of established surgical techniques and adjunct procedures.

Main Methods:

  • A literature survey was conducted across major medical databases including PubMed, EBSCO, UpToDate, and ProQuest Central.
  • Google and Google Scholar were also utilized for comprehensive literature retrieval.

Main Results:

  • Orthognathic surgery repositions facial skeletal elements using various osteotomies (e.g., Le Fort I, sagittal split mandibular osteotomy).
  • Simultaneous procedures like septoplasty, inferior turbinate reduction, genioplasty, and neck liposuction may enhance functional and aesthetic results.
  • Successful correction requires careful evaluation of soft tissues, skeletal structures via radiographs, and dental models.

Conclusions:

  • Preventative strategies for safe orthognathic surgery focus on maintaining vascularity, protecting dental and neurovascular structures, and optimizing patient nutrition.
  • A multidisciplinary approach ensures optimal patient outcomes in correcting complex dentofacial deformities.