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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2025

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Adaptive Changes in Longitudinal Arch During Long-distance Running.

Weiyan Ren1, Yan Wang2, Zhaoqi Yan3

  • 1School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.

International Journal of Sports Medicine
|July 31, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long-distance runners show initial decreases in longitudinal arch (LA) stiffness and increased arch deformation within 15 minutes of running, followed by stabilization. This adaptation may enhance running economy and performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Science
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • The longitudinal arch (LA) is crucial for shock absorption and propulsion in runners.
  • Understanding LA's dynamic adaptations during prolonged running is key to optimizing performance and preventing injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biomechanical adaptations of the longitudinal arch (LA) in long-distance runners during a 60-minute run.
  • To analyze changes in LA stiffness, angle, and moment, and their relationship with running performance.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty long-distance runners ran at 2.7 m/s for 60 minutes.
  • Kinematic and kinetic data were collected every five minutes to calculate LA stiffness (k_load, k_unload), maximum LA moment (M_max), and LA angle changes (Δθ_range, Δθ_max).
  • Foot morphology was scanned pre- and post-run.

Main Results:

  • A significant decrease in LA loading stiffness (k_load) occurred within the first 15 minutes.
  • Concurrent increases in LA angle range (Δθ_range) and maximum angle change (Δθ_max) were observed.
  • No significant changes were found in unloading stiffness (k_unload), maximum moment (M_max), or foot morphology post-run.

Conclusions:

  • Runners exhibit an initial critical adaptation phase in LA mechanics within 15 minutes of prolonged running.
  • These adaptations, characterized by reduced stiffness and increased flexibility, may be essential for improving running economy.
  • Further research into these adaptations could inform training strategies for enhanced running performance.