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Functional assessment in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty
Richard J Rivera1,2, Theofilos Karasavvidis1, Cale Pagan1
1Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.
The Bone & Joint Journal
|July 31, 2024
Summary
Objective functional assessments, like gait analysis, offer a precise way to track progress for total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients, improving outcomes. These methods overcome limitations of traditional surveys.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Biomedical Engineering
- Rehabilitation Science
Background:
- Conventional patient-reported surveys for total hip arthroplasty (THA) suffer from subjectivity and recall bias.
- Objective functional evaluations, such as gait analysis, can provide a more accurate assessment of a patient's functional capacity.
- These objective measures may help customize surgical interventions and improve patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the application of objective functional assessments in evaluating patients undergoing THA.
- To identify and categorize the various objective functional assessment methods used in THA patients.
- To explore the potential of these assessments in enhancing patient care and surgical planning.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched Embase, Medline/PubMed, and Cochrane Central databases from inception to September 15, 2023.
- Included studies of THA patients with pre- and postoperative objective functional assessments (gait analysis, motion analysis, wearables, strength tests).
Main Results:
- 130 studies identified, utilizing 15 distinct functional assessment methods (FAMs).
- Instrumented gait/motion analysis, Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG) test, 6-minute walk test, and strength tests were most common.
- Wearables showed promise for cost-effectiveness and remote monitoring, though accuracy and comfort require consideration.
Conclusions:
- Objective functional assessments show promise for tracking progress and improving outcomes in THA patients.
- Gait analysis, TUG, and wearable sensor technology can enhance patient care, surgical planning, and rehabilitation.
- Further integration of these objective measures is recommended for optimizing THA patient management.
