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Bioinspired Zwitterionic Block Polymer-Armored Nitric Oxide-Generating Coating Combats Thrombosis and Biofouling.

Qing Ma1,2, Wentai Zhang2, Xiaohui Mou1,2

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A novel zwitterionic polymer coating for central venous catheters (CVCs) generates nitric oxide (NO) to prevent infection and thrombosis. This drug-free approach offers a promising alternative to traditional treatments, reducing risks like antibiotic resistance and bleeding.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Central venous catheters (CVCs) are prone to thrombosis and infection, leading to significant patient morbidity and mortality.
  • Current treatments involving antibiotics and anticoagulants carry risks such as antibiotic resistance and bleeding.
  • Developing drug-free strategies for CVC surface modification is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a bioinspired, zwitterionic polymer-armored coating for CVCs that generates nitric oxide (NO).
  • To mitigate CVC-associated thrombosis and infection with minimal drug utilization.
  • To evaluate the antimicrobial and antithrombotic efficacy of the novel coating.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a Cu-dopamine (DA)/selenocysteamine (SeCA) network film on CVCs for NO generation.
  • Grafting of a zwitterionic p(DMA-b-MPC-b-DMA) polymer brush onto the coated surface.
  • In vitro and in vivo studies to assess antimicrobial activity, platelet adhesion, fibrinogen adsorption, inflammation, and thrombosis.

Main Results:

  • The Cu-DA/SeCA network effectively generated NO on the CVC surface.
  • The zwitterionic polymer brush provided a passive defense layer.
  • The combined coating exhibited durable antimicrobial properties and significantly inhibited platelet adhesion and fibrinogen adsorption.
  • In vivo studies demonstrated reduced inflammation and inhibited thrombosis with the armored CVCs.

Conclusions:

  • The developed zwitterionic polymer-armored, NO-generating coating offers a promising, drug-free solution for preventing CVC-associated complications.
  • This innovative surface modification strategy holds significant potential for clinical translation in medical devices.
  • The synergistic effects of NO release and zwitterionic properties provide robust protection against infection and thrombosis.