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SANE Knowledge of HIV nPEP: Identifying Deficits.

Priscilla M Simms-Roberson1, Piotr Broda

  • 1Author Affiliations: School of Nursing; University of Tennessee at Chattanooga; Chattanooga, Tennessee (Dr Simms-Roberson); Partnership for Families, Children and Adults; Rape Crisis Center; Chattanooga, Tennessee (Dr Simms-Roberson); and University of Tennessee at Chattanooga; Department of Psychology; Chattanooga, Tennessee (Mr Broda).

Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal
|August 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Sexual assault nurse examiners (SANEs) show knowledge gaps in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (nPEP) guidelines. Further education is needed to improve care for sexual assault survivors regarding HIV prevention.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nursing Practice
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Care for sexual assault victims requires understanding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exposure risks and nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (nPEP).
  • Existing literature focuses on risk, adherence, access, and practices, but lacks data on sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE) knowledge of HIV and nPEP guidelines.
  • A significant gap exists in assessing SANE knowledge regarding HIV infection and evidence-based nPEP practices for sexual assault survivors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the knowledge of sexual assault nurse examiners (SANEs) concerning HIV infection.
  • To evaluate SANE understanding of evidence-based practice recommendations for HIV nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (nPEP) in sexual assault cases.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional, descriptive, and comparative study was conducted.
  • A 20-item knowledge survey on HIV transmission, pathophysiology, nPEP medications, and guidelines was administered to 411 participants.
  • The survey included 15 demographic questions to contextualize the knowledge assessment.

Main Results:

  • Participants demonstrated knowledge deficits in HIV transmission risks, nPEP indications, laboratory testing, and drug regimens.
  • Understanding of nPEP timing, mechanism of action, contraindications, and adherence issues was also found to be lacking.
  • The overall mean score on the 20-item knowledge survey was 66.8% (13.36 out of 20).

Conclusions:

  • A notable knowledge deficit exists among SANEs regarding HIV infection and evidence-based nPEP guidelines for sexual assault patients.
  • The findings underscore the necessity for enhanced educational initiatives for specialized nurses providing care to sexual assault survivors.
  • Improved SANE knowledge is crucial for effective HIV prevention strategies in the context of sexual assault.