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Related Concept Videos

Selectins01:25

Selectins

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Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain,...
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Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2025

Analysis of Physiologic E-Selectin-Mediated Leukocyte Rolling on Microvascular Endothelium
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E-selectin in vascular pathophysiology.

Jinjin Zhang1,2, Shengshi Huang3,4, Zhiying Zhu1

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.

Frontiers in Immunology
|August 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

E-selectin, a cell adhesion molecule, plays a key role in inflammation and various diseases. Targeting E-selectin offers potential therapeutic benefits for conditions like acute kidney injury and pulmonary diseases.

Keywords:
E-selectininflammationoxidative stresstherapeutic interventionsvascular diseases

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Selectins are Ca2+-dependent glycoproteins mediating cell adhesion and migration.
  • E-selectin, expressed on endothelial cells, is upregulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines.
  • E-selectin facilitates leukocyte capture, adhesion, and transmigration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review mechanisms regulating E-selectin expression.
  • To describe E-selectin-ligand interactions.
  • To explore E-selectin's roles and therapeutic potential.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of E-selectin function and regulation.
  • Analysis of E-selectin's involvement in physiological and pathological processes.
  • Examination of therapeutic strategies targeting E-selectin.

Main Results:

  • Oxidative stress and inflammation aberrantly increase E-selectin expression.
  • Elevated E-selectin correlates with inflammation and diseases like AKI, pulmonary diseases, and VTE.
  • E-selectin gene deletion in mice shows amelioration of certain complications.

Conclusions:

  • E-selectin dysregulation is implicated in numerous pathologies.
  • Targeting E-selectin presents a promising therapeutic avenue.
  • Understanding E-selectin's roles is crucial for developing new treatments.