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COVID-19 Vaccines Breakthrough Infections and Adverse Effects Reported by the Birzeit University Community in
Abdallah Damin Abukhalil1, Raya Riyad Abushehadeh1, Sireen Sultan Shatat1
1Faculty of Pharmacy, Nursing and Health Professions, Birzeit University, Birzeit, West Bank, Palestine.
International Journal of General Medicine
|August 5, 2024
Summary
COVID-19 mRNA vaccines like Pfizer and Moderna showed fewer post-vaccination infections and milder side effects compared to viral vector vaccines. This study compared adverse reactions and infection rates among vaccine types in Palestine.
Area of Science:
- Vaccinology
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccines are crucial for immunity and mitigating the pandemic.
- Understanding vaccine safety and efficacy is vital for public health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare adverse reactions and post-vaccination COVID-19 infection rates.
- To evaluate BNT162 (Pfizer-BioNTech), mRNA-1273 (Moderna), and viral vector vaccines.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cross-sectional study using questionnaires.
- Inclusion of 558 participants aged 18+ vaccinated in Palestine.
- Data collected on adverse reactions and breakthrough infections.
Main Results:
- Viral vector vaccines had higher post-vaccination infection rates (23.8%) than Pfizer (12.7%) and Moderna (8.4%).
- Viral vector vaccines also reported more adverse effects (71.7%) compared to Moderna (66.3%) and Pfizer (61.9%).
- Common side effects like fever and headache were less frequent with Pfizer recipients.
Conclusions:
- mRNA vaccines (Pfizer, Moderna) demonstrated lower rates of breakthrough infections and fewer adverse effects than viral vector vaccines.
- Females and underweight individuals reported more adverse effects.
- The Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine group experienced the fewest common side effects.
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