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Dihydromyricetin protects sevoflurane-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in HT22 hippocampal cells
Xinyan Wang1, Haoyi Li1, Dongchao Qu1
1Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
Abstract:
Sevoflurane (Sev) is a commonly used inhalation anaesthetic that has been shown to cause hippocampus dysfunction through multiple underlying molecular processes, including mitochondrial malfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a 2,3-dihydroflavonoid with various biological properties, such as anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of DHM on Sev-induced neuronal dysfunction. HT22 cells were incubated with 10, 20 and 30 μM of DHM for 24 h, and then stimulated with 4% Sev for 6 h. The effects and mechanism of DHM on inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction were explored in Sev-induced HT22 cells by Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, colorimetric detections, detection of the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), immunofluorescence and western blotting. Our results showed that DHM increased Sev-induced cell viability of HT22 cells. Pretreatment with DHM attenuated apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Sev-elicited HT22 cells by remedying the abnormality of the indicators involved in these progresses, including apoptosis rate, the cleaved-caspase 3 expression, as well as the level of tumour necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, ROS, mitochondrial ROS and MMP. Mechanically, pretreatment with DHM restored the Sev-induced the expression of SIRT1/FOXO3a pathway in HT22 cells. Blocking of SIRT1 counteracted the mitigatory effect of DHM on apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Sev-elicited HT22 cells. Collectively, pretreatment with DHM improved inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction via SIRT1/FOXO3a pathway in Sev-induced HT22 cells.
Insights
Dihydromyricetin (DHM) protects against sevoflurane-induced neuronal dysfunction by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage. This neuroprotective effect is mediated through the SIRT1/FOXO3a pathway, highlighting DHM as a potential therapeutic agent.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Sevoflurane (Sev) is an anesthetic linked to hippocampus dysfunction via mitochondrial issues, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
- Dihydromyricetin (DHM), a flavonoid, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective effects of Dihydromyricetin (DHM) against sevoflurane (Sev)-induced neuronal dysfunction in HT22 cells.
- To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, focusing on inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function.
Main Methods:
- HT22 cells were pretreated with varying concentrations of DHM before sevoflurane (Sev) exposure.
- Assessed cell viability, apoptosis, inflammation markers (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), oxidative stress indicators (ROS, MDA, SOD, CAT), and mitochondrial function (MMP).
- Investigated the role of the SIRT1/FOXO3a pathway using western blotting and immunofluorescence, including experiments with SIRT1 inhibition.
Main Results:
- Dihydromyricetin (DHM) significantly increased cell viability and attenuated apoptosis in sevoflurane (Sev)-exposed HT22 cells.
- DHM pretreatment reduced inflammation, oxidative stress (ROS, MDA), and improved mitochondrial function (MMP) in Sev-treated cells.
- DHM restored the expression of the SIRT1/FOXO3a pathway, and blocking SIRT1 abolished DHM's protective effects.
Conclusions:
- Dihydromyricetin (DHM) demonstrates significant neuroprotective effects against sevoflurane (Sev)-induced neuronal injury.
- The mechanism involves the alleviation of inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, primarily through the SIRT1/FOXO3a signaling pathway.
- DHM is a promising therapeutic candidate for mitigating anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity.
