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Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Alzheimer's Research – Exploring Early Detection and Multi-Omics Approaches
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Decoding molecular mechanisms: brain aging and Alzheimer's disease.

Mahnoor Hayat1, Rafay Ali Syed2, Hammad Qaiser3

  • 1Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.

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Summary

This review explores how aging affects brain structure and function, distinguishing normal cognitive decline from Alzheimer's disease pathways. Understanding these brain changes is key to predicting dementia risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • The aging brain undergoes complex morphological, anatomical, physiological, and chemical changes.
  • Age-related brain alterations affect cognitive functions and can contribute to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease.
  • Functional modifications in neurotransmission and neuronal activity are critical in the aging brain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review age-induced changes in brain plasticity and molecular processes.
  • To differentiate between normal aging and Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.
  • To provide insights into predicting the risk of dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on brain aging, plasticity, and molecular mechanisms.
  • Comparative analysis of findings related to normal aging versus Alzheimer's disease.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on neurotransmission and neuronal activity changes.

Main Results:

  • Aging alters brain structure, impacting cognition and function.
  • Significant functional modifications in neurotransmission and neuronal activity occur.
  • Distinguishing normal aging from Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis is crucial for understanding cognitive decline.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding age-related brain changes is vital for maintaining cognitive health.
  • Differentiating normal aging from Alzheimer's disease offers insights into dementia risk prediction.
  • Further research into brain plasticity and molecular processes can aid in early detection and intervention strategies.