Racial microaggressions within the UK Healthcare System: a narrative review

Area of Science:

• Health Services Research
• Social Sciences in Medicine
• Health Equity Studies

Background:

• Racial microaggressions are subtle, everyday actions communicating derogatory assumptions based on race.
• These acts, often unintentional, accumulate to undermine patient well-being and exacerbate healthcare disparities.
• Understanding these biases is vital for improving patient-provider relationships and healthcare outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present real-life research instances demonstrating the tangible effects of racial microaggressions.
• To identify common healthcare interaction scenarios where racial microaggressions occur.
• To emphasize the necessity of recognizing and understanding these biases for fostering inclusive healthcare environments.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature analysis to examine the nature and impact of racial microaggressions.
• Analysis of underlying elements: systems, interactions, vulnerabilities, and consequences.
• Exploration of implications for healthcare policy and management.

Main Results:

• Racial microaggressions have significant, often cumulative, negative impacts on patient well-being.
• Specific healthcare scenarios and interactional patterns where microaggressions manifest were identified.
• The study underscores the link between microaggressions, healthcare disparities, and the need for systemic change.

Conclusions:

• Identifying and addressing racial microaggressions is essential for creating equitable and inclusive healthcare.
• Healthcare providers and policymakers must recognize and mitigate these biases.
• Fostering awareness and implementing targeted interventions can improve patient experiences and health outcomes.