Constipation and DIOS: Diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and management

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Pulmonology
• Genetics

Background:

• Cystic Fibrosis (CF) management requires multidisciplinary expertise.
• Constipation affects approximately 25% of people with CF (PwCF), impacting quality of life.
• Distal Intestinal Obstruction Syndrome (DIOS) is a serious complication unique to PwCF.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review differential diagnoses for abdominal pain in PwCF.
• To elucidate the pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, and treatment of constipation and DIOS in PwCF.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of gastrointestinal manifestations in CF.
• Analysis of diagnostic approaches for constipation and DIOS.
• Synthesis of current treatment strategies for these conditions.

Main Results:

• Constipation is a prevalent GI symptom in PwCF, associated with patient dissatisfaction.
• DIOS is a distinct and potentially life-threatening condition in PwCF.
• Accurate diagnosis of abdominal pain requires understanding CF-specific GI issues.

Conclusions:

• Effective management of CF necessitates addressing common GI symptoms like constipation.
• Timely diagnosis and treatment of DIOS are crucial for preventing morbidity and mortality in PwCF.
• Healthcare providers need clear guidance on differentiating and managing abdominal pain causes in PwCF.