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Oral Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis.

Elsy M Navarrete-Rodríguez1, Désirée Larenas-Linnemann2,3, Helena Vidaurri de la Cruz4

  • 1Allergy and Immunology Department, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico.

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
|August 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) effectively treat moderate-to-severe adolescent atopic dermatitis (AD) with a rapid onset. While generally safe, herpes zoster and acne are potential side effects to monitor in pediatric patients.

Keywords:
AbrocitinibAdolescentsAtopic dermatitisBaricitinibOral JAK inhibitorUpadacitinib

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in adolescents often requires systemic treatment.
  • Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) are effective for adult AD, but pediatric data is limited.
  • Understanding JAKi efficacy and safety in pediatric AD is crucial for treatment selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the efficacy and safety of Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) in treating pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD).
  • To compare the effectiveness of different JAK inhibitors in adolescents with moderate-to-severe AD.
  • To identify potential adverse events associated with JAKi use in pediatric AD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of clinical trials and studies on JAK inhibitors in pediatric AD.
  • Analysis of efficacy data, including onset of action and symptom reduction.
  • Evaluation of safety profiles, including common and serious adverse events.

Main Results:

  • Abrocitinib, baricitinib, and upadacitinib show efficacy in adolescents with moderate-to-severe AD, with a fast onset of action.
  • Baricitinib was not effective in children aged 2-10 years with moderate-to-severe AD.
  • Major safety concerns were not documented in trials; herpes zoster and acne were noted but manageable.

Conclusions:

  • JAK inhibitors represent an effective systemic treatment option for adolescents with moderate-to-severe AD.
  • Clinicians can select JAK inhibitors based on patient needs and clinical characteristics.
  • Future research and new therapies will further refine JAKi's role in managing AD across different patient phases.