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Allosteric Regulation01:08

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Allosteric regulation of enzymes occurs when the binding of an effector molecule to a site that is different from the active site causes a change in the enzymatic activity. This alternate site is called an allosteric site, and an enzyme can contain more than one of these sites. Allosteric regulation can either be positive or negative, resulting in an increase or decrease in enzyme activity. Most enzymes that display allosteric regulation are metabolic enzymes involved in the degradation or...
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Allosteric Proteins-ATCase01:19

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Binding sites linkages can regulate a protein's function.  For example, enzyme activity is often regulated through a feedback mechanism where the end product of the biochemical process serves as an inhibitor.
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to  N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis...
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π Molecular Orbitals of the Allyl Cation and Anion01:18

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An allyl group is a three-carbon conjugated system where the sp³-hybridized allylic carbon is bonded to a CH=CH2 group via a single bond. Allyl anions can be obtained by treating propene with a strong base that can deprotonate methyl groups. Allyl cations are formed as intermediates during substitution reactions involving allylic halides. In both cases, the hybridization of the allylic carbon changes from sp3 to sp2, giving rise to a carbon chain with three sp2-hybridized carbons, each with...
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Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation02:47

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Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
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[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Allyl Vinyl Ethers: Claisen Rearrangement01:24

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The Claisen rearrangement is a [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement of allyl vinyl ethers to unsaturated carbonyl compounds. The rearrangement is a concerted pericyclic reaction proceeding via a chair-like transition state.
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Wandering about allostery.

Maurizio Brunori1

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche, Presidente emerito della Classe di Scienze FMN, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei; Professore emerito di Chimica e Biochimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy. maurizio.brunori@uniroma1.it.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This memoir highlights the conception of allosteric control in proteins, a significant scientific advancement. It celebrates the collaborative creativity of scientists in protein structure-function research.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Recounts the author's fortunate association with Eraldo Antonini and Jeffries Wyman in Rome starting in 1961.
  • Highlights the intellectual environment fostering scientific breakthroughs.

Observation:

  • The author was present during the conceptualization of allosteric control.
  • This period marked a significant convergence of creative scientific minds.

Findings:

  • The concept of allosteric control in biological systems was developed.
  • This discovery revolutionized the understanding of protein function.

Implications:

  • Demonstrates the power of interdisciplinary collaboration and humanistic intellect in scientific discovery.
  • Paved the way for novel insights into protein structure-function relationships.
  • Contributed to a deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms in life sciences.